.NET Bios相关数据读写

技术分享 17小时前 0 999+

关注

本文我们介绍针对Bios如何读取、写入数据，比如最常见的SN读取以及烧录。

在传统设备比如PC的工厂制造环节，需要完成数据初始化如SN、设备型号等，然后工厂测试流水线使用厂测软件验证。

还有一些数据需要存储在BIOS的需求，比如一些软件离线激活码，放在磁盘里肯定不合适，换个硬盘激活码就没了，那这种情况就可以将数据在BIOS存储及备份（注：最好是磁盘以及BIOS都存储，换硬盘、主板后均能重新激活）

WMI查询

先看看WMI方式，可以用于查询和管理Windows系统的各种信息，包括读取BIOS信息

WMI-Win32_BIOS，可以查看Bios版本、制造商以及Bios Sn等：

 1             var searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_BIOS");  2             Console.WriteLine("Win32_BIOS 获取bios信息:");  3             foreach (var baseObject in searcher.Get())  4             {  5                 Console.WriteLine("Manufacturer: " + baseObject["Manufacturer"]);  6                 Console.WriteLine("Version: " + baseObject["Version"]);  7                 Console.WriteLine("SMBIOS BIOS Version: " + baseObject["SMBIOSBIOSVersion"]);  8                 Console.WriteLine("Name: " + baseObject["Name"]);  9                 Console.WriteLine("Release Date: " + baseObject["ReleaseDate"]); 10                 Console.WriteLine("Serial Number: " + baseObject["SerialNumber"]); 11                 Console.WriteLine("Status: " + baseObject["Status"]); 12                 Console.WriteLine("Caption: " + baseObject["Caption"]); 13                 Console.WriteLine("Build Number: " + baseObject["BuildNumber"]); 14                 Console.WriteLine("Code Set: " + baseObject["CodeSet"]); 15                 Console.WriteLine("Current Language: " + baseObject["CurrentLanguage"]); 16                 Console.WriteLine("Description: " + baseObject["Description"]); 17                 Console.WriteLine("Embedded Controller Major Version: " + baseObject["EmbeddedControllerMajorVersion"]); 18                 Console.WriteLine("Embedded Controller Minor Version: " + baseObject["EmbeddedControllerMinorVersion"]); 19                 Console.WriteLine("Identification Code: " + baseObject["IdentificationCode"]); 20                 Console.WriteLine("Installable Languages: " + baseObject["InstallableLanguages"]); 21                 Console.WriteLine("Install Date: " + baseObject["InstallDate"]); 22                 Console.WriteLine("Language Edition: " + baseObject["LanguageEdition"]); 23                 Console.WriteLine("List Of Languages: " + baseObject["ListOfLanguages"]); 24                 Console.WriteLine("Other Target OS: " + baseObject["OtherTargetOS"]); 25                 Console.WriteLine("Primary BIOS: " + baseObject["PrimaryBIOS"]); 26                 Console.WriteLine("System BIOS Major Version: " + baseObject["SystemBiosMajorVersion"]); 27                 Console.WriteLine("System BIOS Minor Version: " + baseObject["SystemBiosMinorVersion"]); 28                 Console.WriteLine("Target Operating System: " + baseObject["TargetOperatingSystem"]);29             } 30             searcher.Dispose();

也可以直接使用PowerShell：Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_BIOS，以下是主要参数信息

SMBIOSBIOSVersion：BIOS版本号

Manufacturer：BIOS制造商

Name：BIOS名称

ReleaseDate：BIOS发布的日期

SerialNumber：系统序列号

Version：BIOS版本

这是个人电脑获取结果：

电脑-系统信息中的Bios版本信息，是以上面Bios制造商+Bios版本+发布日期拼接显示：

WMI-Win32_BaseBoard，可以获取主板SN以及主板制造商：

 1             var searcher1 = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_BaseBoard");  2             Console.WriteLine("Win32_BaseBoard获取bios信息：");  3             foreach (var baseObject in searcher1.Get())  4             {  5                 Console.WriteLine("Board Serial Number: " + baseObject["SerialNumber"]);  6                 Console.WriteLine("Manufacturer: " + baseObject["Manufacturer"]);  7                 Console.WriteLine("Product Name: " + baseObject["Product"]);  8                 Console.WriteLine("Version: " + baseObject["Version"]);  9             } 10             searcher1.Dispose();

也可以使用PowerShell查看，Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_BaseBoard

个人电脑获取结果：

另外，使用命令行工具，wmic bios get name, serialnumber, version也可以获取BIOS的基本信息

Ami读写

获取Bios信息也可以使用AmiWin工具，同时此工具也可以用于数据写入。通过该工具可以轻松地自定义系统UUID、调整DMI信息，从而满足各种特定的系统需求比如指定BIOS位置的数据。其技术实现主要依赖于对BIOS固件的底层访问和修改

AMI全称American Megatrends Inc.，以BIOS/UEFI固件解决方案闻名。

读取指定位置数据：

 1     private static string ReadBiosData(string command)  2     {  3         var amiExePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "AmiBios", "AMIDEWINx64.EXE");  4         var startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo  5         {  6             FileName = $""{amiExePath}"",  7             Arguments = command,  8             Verb = "runas",  9             UseShellExecute = false, 10             RedirectStandardError = true, 11             RedirectStandardInput = true, 12             RedirectStandardOutput = true, 13             CreateNoWindow = true, 14             WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden 15         }; 16         using var process = Process.Start(startInfo); 17         if (process == null) return ""; 18         process.WaitForExit(); 19         string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); 20  21         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(output)) return "读取输出结果为空"; 22         string[] inputs = output.Split(new[] { "rn" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); 23         string targetOutput = inputs.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Contains(command)); 24         if (targetOutput == null) return $"输出数据:{output}未找到指定Key[{command}]的目标输出"; 25         string value = ExtractMiddleContent(targetOutput, """, """); 26         return value; 27     } 28     private static string ExtractMiddleContent(string source, string begin, string end) 29     { 30         var rg = new Regex("(?<=(" + begin + "))[.\s\S]*?(?=(" + end + "))", RegexOptions.Multiline | RegexOptions.Singleline); 31         return rg.Match(source).Value; 32     }

指定位置写入数据：

 1     private static string WriteBiosData(string command, string data)  2     {  3         var amiExePath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "AmiBios", "AMIDEWINx64.EXE");  4         var args = $"{command} "{data}"";  5         var startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo  6         {  7             FileName = $""{amiExePath}"",  8             Arguments = args,  9             Verb = "runas", 10             UseShellExecute = false, 11             RedirectStandardError = true, 12             RedirectStandardInput = true, 13             RedirectStandardOutput = true, 14             CreateNoWindow = true, 15             WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden 16         }; 17         using var process = Process.Start(startInfo); 18         if (process == null) return ""; 19         process.WaitForExit(); 20         string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd(); 21         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(output)) return "写入输出结果为空"; 22         string[] inputs = output.Split(new[] { "rn" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); 23         string targetOutput = inputs.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Contains(command)); 24         if (targetOutput == null) return $"输出数据:{output}未找到指定指令[{command}]的目标输出"; 25         return "成功"; 26     }

下面使用AMI，对/BS位置测试读写：

 1     private void AmiReadButton_OnClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)  2     {  3         var boardSn = ReadBiosData("/BS");  4         Console.WriteLine($"读取/BS:{boardSn}");  5   6         var result = WriteBiosData("/BS", "TEST");  7         Console.WriteLine($"写入/BS:{result}");  8         var boardSnNew = ReadBiosData("/BS");  9         Console.WriteLine($"读取/BS:{boardSnNew}"); 10     }