Oracle19c单实例数据库配置OGG单用户数据同步测试

19c单实例配置GoldenGate 并进行用户数据同步测试

当前数据使用的是经典模式配置GoldenGate 进行数据同步，关于容器数据库配置GoldenGate 请参阅：

Configuring Oracle GoldenGate in a Multitenant Container Database (Doc ID 2031069.1)

一、数据库操作

1、开启数据库附加日志

开启的最小附加日志和强制日志

SQL> alter database add supplemental log data; SQL> select supplemental_log_data_min from v$database; SQL> alter database force logging; SQL> select force_logging from v$database; 

2、开启数据库归档模式

RAC所有节点 SQL> shutdown immediate  实例1： SQL> startup mount SQL> alter database archivelog; SQL> archive log list; SQL> alter database open;  实例2 ： 直接执行 SQL> startup 

如果需要修改归档日志路径：

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1= 'location=<归档路径>' sid='*'; 

3、开启goldengate同步

SQL> show parameter gol  NAME				     				TYPE	 VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ enable_goldengate_replication	     boolean	 FALSE   SQL> alter system set ENABLE_GOLDENGATE_REPLICATION=true;  System altered.   SQL> show parameter gol  NAME				     				TYPE	 VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ enable_goldengate_replication	     boolean	 TRUE 

4、创建goldengate管理用户

--1、create tablespace create tablespace gguser_dat datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/gguser_dat_01.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited;  --2、create the user  create user gguser IDENTIFIED BY gguser123   default tablespace gguser_dat   temporary tablespace TEMP   profile DEFAULT;  --3、Grant role privileges  grant connect to GGUSER; grant resource to GGUSER;  --4、Grant system privileges  grant alter any index to GGUSER; grant alter any table to GGUSER; grant alter session to GGUSER; grant alter system to GGUSER; grant create any directory to GGUSER; grant create any index to GGUSER; grant create any table to GGUSER; grant create session to GGUSER; grant delete any table to GGUSER; grant drop any directory to GGUSER; grant drop any index to GGUSER; grant drop any table to GGUSER; grant flashback any table to GGUSER; grant insert any table to GGUSER; grant select any dictionary to GGUSER; grant select any table to GGUSER; grant select any transaction to GGUSER; grant unlimited tablespace to GGUSER; grant update any table to GGUSER; 

5、集成捕获所需权限授权

授予gguser用户集成捕获所需的权限

SQL> exec dbms_goldengate_auth.grant_admin_privilege('GGUSER',container=>'ALL'); 

请参阅：Integrated Capture Process Cannot Start with OGG-02061 at Multitenant Configuration (Doc ID 2748951.1)

6、创建测试用户及测试表

--1、创建测试用户表空间（SHUAIGE_DAT） create tablespace shuaige_dat datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/shuaige_dat_01.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 100m maxsize unlimited;  --2、创建测试用户（SHUAIGE），密码（shuaige123） create user SHUAIGE IDENTIFIED BY shuaige123   default tablespace shuaige_dat   temporary tablespace TEMP   quota unlimited ON shuaige_dat   profile DEFAULT;  --3、授予用户（SHUAIGE）用户数据库角色 grant connect to SHUAIGE; grant resource to SHUAIGE;  --4、创建测试表  --测试表（T1） CREATE TABLE SHUAIGE.T1 (     ID number(10),     NAME varchar2(30))     tablespace shuaige_dat;  --测试表（T2） CREATE TABLE SHUAIGE.T2 (     ID number(10),     NAME varchar2(30))     tablespace shuaige_dat;  --5、给测试表创建主键约束  --创建表主键(T1)，主键名（T1_PK），主键列（ID） alter table SHUAIGE.T1 add constraint T1_PK primary key(id) using index tablespace shuaige_dat;  --创建表主键(T2)，主键名（T2_PK），主键列（ID） alter table SHUAIGE.T2 add constraint T2_PK primary key(id) using index tablespace shuaige_dat; 

测试目标即(SHUAIGE.T1)表数据使用Goldengate同步到(SHUAIGE.T2)表

二、配置GOLDENGATE

1、配置MGR

GGSCI > edit params mgr 

添加以下内容：

PORT 7809  DYNAMICPORTLIST 7810-7899  USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT  AUTORESTART ER *, RETRIES 5, WAITMINUTES 1, RESETMINUTES 10  PURGEOLDEXTRACTS ./dirdat/*, USECHECKPOINTS, MINKEEPDAYS 1  LAGINFOMINUTES 10 LAGCRITICALMINUTES 60 

使用goldengate默认生成的key的加密方法：encrypt password <要进行加密的密码>,ENCRYPTKEY default Using default key

示例：（用户：gguser，密码：gguser123），对该密码进行加密

GGSCI  27> encrypt password gguser123,ENCRYPTKEY default Using default key Using Blowfish encryption with DEFAULT key. Encrypted password:  AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH Algorithm used:  BLOWFISH 

为了安全起见最好在goldengate配置文件中使用加密密码进行配置，当然明文密码也是可用的

2、重启MGR

GGSCI > stop mgr Manager process is required by other GGS processes. Are you sure you want to stop it (y/n)?y  Sending STOP request to MANAGER ... Request processed. Manager stopped.   GGSCI > start mgr Manager started. 

3、配置GLOBALS

GGSCI > edit params ./GLOBALS 

添加以下内容：

CHECKPOINTTABLE gguser.checkpoint OUTPUTFILEUMASK 027 

4、创建checkpoint表

GGSCI > DBLOGIN USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT  Successfully logged into database.  GGSCI > ADD CHECKPOINTTABLE gguser.checkpoint  Successfully created checkpoint table gguser.checkpoint. 

或使用明文密码登录数据库：dblogin userid , password ，示例如下：

GGSCI > dblogin userid gguser, password gguser123 Successfully logged into database. 

5、添加表级别的附加日志

ggsci命令行中登录数据库

GGSCI > DBLOGIN USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT  Successfully logged into database. 

1. 若数据全部同步没有条件、没有主键表、添加表级别附加日志 GGSCI > add trandata 用户名.表名 

2. 若数据同步有条件过滤并且表有主键，添加表级别附加日志 GGSCI > add trandata 用户名.表名,clos(列名) 

info trandata 用户.表名查询trandata是否添加成功（enable），未添加trandata为（disable）状态

按用户生成添加、查询、删除表级别附加日志sql，示例：

#在数据库中执行： select 'add trandata '||owner||'.'||table_name from dba_tables where owner = 'SHUAIGE'; select 'info trandata '||owner||'.'||table_name from dba_tables where owner = 'SHUAIGE'; select 'delete trandata '||owner||'.'||table_name from dba_tables where owner = 'SHUAIGE'; 

#在GGSCI中执行： add trandata SHUAIGE.T1 add trandata SHUAIGE.T2  info trandata SHUAIGE.T1 info trandata SHUAIGE.T2 

添加成功输出如下：

GGSCI > add trandata SHUAIGE.T1  2022-05-10 10:41:10  INFO    OGG-15132  Logging of supplemental redo data enabled for table SHUAIGE.T1.  2022-05-10 10:41:10  INFO    OGG-15133  TRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on table SHUAIGE.T1.  2022-05-10 10:41:10  INFO    OGG-15135  TRANDATA for instantiation CSN has been added on table SHUAIGE.T1.  2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T1 *****  Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T1. Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T1: ID.  GGSCI > add trandata SHUAIGE.T2 2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-15132  Logging of supplemental redo data enabled for table SHUAIGE.T2.  2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-15133  TRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on table SHUAIGE.T2.  2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-15135  TRANDATA for instantiation CSN has been added on table SHUAIGE.T2.  2022-05-10 10:41:11  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T2 *****  Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T2. Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T2: ID. 

校验trandata输出如下：

GGSCI > info trandata SHUAIGE.T1  2022-05-10 10:43:26  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T1 *****  Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T1. Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T1: ID.  Logging of supplemental redo log data is enabled for table SHUAIGE.T1.  Columns supplementally logged for table SHUAIGE.T1: "ID".  Prepared CSN for table SHUAIGE.T1: 2175964  GGSCI > info trandata SHUAIGE.T2  2022-05-10 10:43:33  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table SHUAIGE.T2 *****  Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table SHUAIGE.T2. Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table SHUAIGE.T2: ID.  Logging of supplemental redo log data is enabled for table SHUAIGE.T2.  Columns supplementally logged for table SHUAIGE.T2: "ID".  Prepared CSN for table SHUAIGE.T2: 2176044 GGSCI (ocp19c as gguser@orcl) 14> 

6、查询数据库字符集

当前数据库session的环境字符集：

SQL> select userenv('language') from dual;  AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 

7、添加抽取进程

GGSCI > add extract ef_test1,TRANLOG,BEGIN NOW  GGSCI > add exttrail ./dirdat/cs,extract ef_test1  GGSCI > edit params ef_test1 

（./dirdat/cs）表示extract进程生成exttrail文件的位置和文件名开头为cs，示例文件：

-rw-r----- 1 ggate ggate 1823 May 10 11:24 cs000000000

goldengate所有的进程(extract、replicat)的名字都不能超过八个字符，在添加进程和设置配置文件的时候最好起一些有含义的名字

这个示例（ef_test1）ef代表捕获进程也叫抽取进程，test1就代表第一个测试

添加以下内容：

EXTRACT ef_test1  SETENV (ORACLE_SID="orcl") SETENV(NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")  USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT  NUMFILES 3000 EOFDELAYCSECS 10  EXTTRAIL ./dirdat/cs  TRANLOGOPTIONS LOGRETENTION DISABLED TRANLOGOPTIONS DBLOGREADER TRANLOGOPTIONS DBLOGREADERBUFSIZE 1048576 TRANLOGOPTIONS _NOREADAHEAD ANY  WARNLONGTRANS 4H, CHECKINTERVAL 300  GETTRUNCATES GETUPDATEBEFORES  NOCOMPRESSDELETES  CACHEMGR, CACHESIZE 128MB  -- TABLES TABLE shuaige.t1; 

注意：进程中所有的参数都可以按照实际的生产或测试需求添加，以上参数是我比较常用的

我发现在19c 配置goldengate与11g配置goldengate不同的地方和个别参数限制，如下：

1. 不能在添加抽取进程时指定线程（thread）参数（单实例）
2. value "3 M" is out of legal range (300 s - 20000000 s) for [checkinterval].
3. CACHESIZE. Range values between: min 128 - max 2097152 MB.

在GGSCI命令行输入help查询更多帮助信息

8、添加复制进程

GGSCI > add replicat rf_test1,exttrail ./dirdat/cs, checkpointtable gguser.checkpoint  GGSCI > edit params rf_test1 

这里的（./dirdat/cs）表示要指定replicat进程读取的exttrail文件

在（3、配置GLOBALS）中已经配置了全局GLOBALS，添加复制进程时会自动添加到gguser.checkpoint，若添加时手动指定checkpoint表，则以手动指定的为准

添加以下内容：

REPLICAT rf_test1  SETENV(NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")  USERID gguser, PASSWORD AACAAAAAAAAAAAJAACQGHDZHDDGFMEACUCUEPFYGGJBFJGIH BLOWFISH, ENCRYPTKEY DEFAULT  SQLEXEC "ALTER SESSION SET COMMIT_LOGGING=IMMEDIATE" SQLEXEC "ALTER SESSION SET COMMIT_WAIT=NOWAIT"  NUMFILES 3000 EOFDELAYCSECS 10  DISCARDFILE ./dirdsc/rf_test1.dsc, APPEND, MEGABYTES 512 DISCARDROLLOVER AT 00:00  ASSUMETARGETDEFS  ALLOWNOOPUPDATES  GETTRUNCATES GETUPDATEBEFORES  --TABLES MAP shuaige.t1, TARGET shuaige.t2; 

注意：进程中所有的参数都可以按照实际的生产或测试需求添加，以上参数是我比较常用的

这个示例（rf_test1）rf代表复制进程也叫应用进程，所有rf_test1就代表第一个测试的复制进程

使用ggate用户手动创建dirdsc目录，因为我在这个复制进程中配置了DISCARDFILE参数，会在指定目录下生成.dsc文件

mkdir -p /ggate/dirdsc 

9、启动抽取进程与复制进程

GGSCI > start ef_test1 GGSCI > start rf_test1 

查看进程状态

GGSCI > info all  Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt  MANAGER     RUNNING                                            EXTRACT     RUNNING     EF_TEST1    00:00:00      00:00:06     REPLICAT    RUNNING     RF_TEST1    00:00:00      00:00:07 

三、进行数据同步测试：

1、数据插入测试

（1）向SHUAIGE.T1表中插入一条数据

SYS@orcl> insert into shuaige.T1 values(1,'李清照');  1 row created.  SYS@orcl> commit;  Commit complete. 

（2）检查进程同步状态

GGSCI >  stats ef_test1,total  Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EF_TEST1 ...  Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 11:25:49.  Output to ./dirdat/cs:  Extracting from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T1:  *** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:10 *** 	Total inserts                   	           1.00 	Total updates                   	           0.00 	Total deletes                   	           0.00 	Total upserts                   	           0.00 	Total discards                  	           0.00 	Total operations                	           1.00  End of Statistics.   GGSCI > stats rf_test1,total  Sending STATS request to REPLICAT RF_TEST1 ...  Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 11:26:41.  Replicating from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T2:  *** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:11 *** 	Total inserts                   	           1.00 	Total updates                   	           0.00 	Total deletes                   	           0.00 	Total upserts                   	           0.00 	Total discards                  	           0.00 	Total operations                	           1.00  End of Statistics. 

可以看到插入的数据已经成功的捕获和应用了

常用检查进程状态命令stats，EXTRACT与REPLICAT进程都适用

GGSCI > stats EXTRACT,total --查看当前进程所有的操作状态

GGSCI > stats EXTRACT,hourly --查看当前小时整点到当前时间所有的操作状态

GGSCI > stats EXTRACT,daily --查看今日凌晨0点到当前时间所有的操作状态

详情查看（help stats EXTRACT）（help stats REPLICAT）：

（3）验证数据是否同步

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t1;  		ID NAME ---------- ------------------------------          1 李清照  SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t2;  		ID NAME ---------- ------------------------------          1 李清照 

2、数据更新测试

（1）在SHUAIGE.T1表中更新一条数据

SYS@orcl> update shuaige.t1 set name='辛弃疾' where id = '1';  1 row updated.  SYS@orcl> commit;  Commit complete. 

（2）检查进程同步状态

GGSCI (ocp19c) 17> stats ef_test1,total  Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EF_TEST1 ...  Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:49:43.  Output to ./dirdat/cs:  Extracting from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T1:  *** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:10 *** 	Total inserts                   	           1.00 	Total updates                   	           1.00 	Total befores                   	           1.00 	Total deletes                   	           0.00 	Total upserts                   	           0.00 	Total discards                  	           0.00 	Total operations                	           2.00  End of Statistics.   GGSCI (ocp19c) 18> stats rf_test1,total  Sending STATS request to REPLICAT RF_TEST1 ...  Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:50:07.  Replicating from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T2:  *** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:11 *** 	Total inserts                   	           1.00 	Total updates                   	           1.00 	Total befores                   	           1.00 	Total deletes                   	           0.00 	Total upserts                   	           0.00 	Total discards                  	           0.00 	Total operations                	           2.00  End of Statistics. 

可以看到更新的数据已经成功的捕获和应用了

（3）验证数据是否同步

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t1;  		ID NAME ---------- ------------------------------          1 辛弃疾  SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t2;  		ID NAME ---------- ------------------------------          1 辛弃疾 

3、数据删除测试

（1）在SHUAIGE.T1表中删除一条数据

SYS@orcl> delete from shuaige.t1 where id = 1;  1 row deleted.  SYS@orcl> commit;  Commit complete. 

（2）检查进程同步状态

GGSCI (ocp19c) 19> stats ef_test1,total  Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EF_TEST1 ...  Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:52:48.  Output to ./dirdat/cs:  Extracting from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T1:  *** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:10 *** 	Total inserts                   	           1.00 	Total updates                   	           1.00 	Total befores                   	           1.00 	Total deletes                   	           1.00 	Total upserts                   	           0.00 	Total discards                  	           0.00 	Total operations                	           3.00  End of Statistics.   GGSCI (ocp19c) 20> stats rf_test1,total  Sending STATS request to REPLICAT RF_TEST1 ...  Start of Statistics at 2022-05-10 15:52:56.  Replicating from SHUAIGE.T1 to SHUAIGE.T2:  *** Total statistics since 2022-05-10 11:24:11 *** 	Total inserts                   	           1.00 	Total updates                   	           1.00 	Total befores                   	           1.00 	Total deletes                   	           1.00 	Total upserts                   	           0.00 	Total discards                  	           0.00 	Total operations                	           3.00  End of Statistics. 

可以看到删除的数据已经成功的捕获和应用了

（3）验证数据是否同步

SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t1;  no rows selected  SYS@orcl> select * from shuaige.t2;  no rows selected